Top AI Models in 2025: Features, Use Cases & Full Comparison

In today's article, we will take a detailed look at the Perplexity AI neural network: we'll explore how it works, how to use it, how it differs from its main competitor ChatGPT, and what opportunities it offers for everyday use. What is Perplexity AI?  Perplexity AI is an artificial intelligence-based platform that combines the functionality of a chatbot and a search engine. The service's architecture is based on the use of large language models (LLMs). When developing Perplexity AI, the creators aimed to provide an alternative to traditional search engines that could help users find accurate and meaningful answers to complex and ambiguous questions. What Does Perplexity AI Do?  As previously mentioned, Perplexity is built on large language models. The supported models include Sonar, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, GPT-4.1, Gemini 1.5 Pro, Grok 3 Beta, and o1-mini. With access to multiple models, the neural network can generate accurate and comprehensive answers to user queries in real time. A key feature of Perplexity is its ability to analyze user queries while simultaneously gathering information from the internet in real time and generating responses with a list of all sources used. You can view sources not only for the entire generated text but also for individual sentences or even specific words. The Perplexity workflow includes: Query analysis: once the user submits a prompt (text request), the neural network analyzes its context and content using built-in language models. Data search: information is retrieved from the internet. The search includes not only articles and text-based data but also videos, social media posts, and user comments. Priority is given to authoritative sources. Response generation: the collected and processed information is compiled into a single response with citations and source links. Perplexity uses different data models to ensure the response is as accurate and reliable as possible. Additional functionality (if needed): in Copilot and Deep Research modes, the system refines queries further to deliver more accurate and relevant answers. Step-by-Step Guide: How to Use Perplexity AI  Let's explore how to use the neural network in practice. We'll start with the interface and its basic functions, then move on to using prompts to evaluate the results. Go to the official website of Perplexity AI. You will see the home page. By default, the interface will be in English. To view available interface languages or switch them, click on the language at the bottom of the page. The left-hand panel includes the following elements: New Thread button (plus icon) – allows you to start a new conversation or query. In Perplexity, a Thread is a separate message chain that is not connected to previous queries. Useful for asking about new topics. Home button – takes you back to the home page at any time. Discover – lets you view and customize a news blog with trending topics. Users can choose their interests and get fresh, relevant content. Spaces – used for creating and organizing workspaces to group conversations and uploaded files by topics or projects. The query interface includes: Search mode – the default mode where the AI analyzes the query and generates an answer in real time. Research mode – used for deep analysis and information gathering. It offers a more in-depth report with comprehensive source analysis. This mode takes a bit more time. Model selection – lets you choose one of eight supported AI models. In the free plan, only Auto mode is available, where Perplexity selects the best model based on the query. Source selection – you can choose from Web (all sources), Academic (scientific sources only), or Social (social media and informal sources). File attachments – Perplexity supports uploading files with your query. For example, you can upload a file with Python code to find errors. Supported formats include text files, PDFs, and images (JPEG, PNG). You can upload files from local devices, Google Drive, or Dropbox. Dictation mode – allows you to create queries via voice input. Submission is still manual. Voice mode – enables full voice interaction. You can dictate your query and receive voice responses. Unlike Dictation, Voice mode supports hands-free interaction. Using Text Prompts  Let's test how Perplexity AI handles user prompts.  We'll start with text-based queries and create several different prompts. The first one will test how the neural network handles a complex scientific topic. First prompt: I'm writing a scientific paper. Write a text on 'Differential Equations.' The text should cover basic first-order differential equations and partial differential equations. The style should be academic. As shown in the screenshot, the AI began by explaining what differential equations are. Then, following the prompt structure, it provided a breakdown of first-order and partial differential equations, complete with equations. Perplexity provides a list of sources used, which are shown in the Sources tab.  If the query includes a practical task (e.g., solving a math problem, writing a program), the AI uses technical sources and lists them in the Tasks section. The text is accompanied by numbered source links. Clicking a number opens the relevant page. On the right, a context menu appears, breaking down the highlighted text and showing each part's source.  You can reuse the AI's response to create a new query. Select a paragraph, sentence, or word, and click Add to follow-up. The selected fragment will be added to the new prompt field. Second prompt: What is a passive source? Give real-world examples and advice for beginners. This prompt tests how the AI provides practical advice.  As per the prompt, the AI also generated a block of beginner tips. As shown in the screenshots, Perplexity provided detailed examples and actionable advice, completing the task effectively. Using Files in Queries Next, we'll test file handling. We create a text file with Python code containing an intentional error (printed instead of print): print("\nNumbers from 1 to 5:") for i in range(1, 6):   printed(i, end=" ") We save the file as .txt (other extensions like .py or .js aren't supported due to security policies). Now we ask the AI to find and fix the error.  Image Search  Perplexity AI can both generate and search for images online using text prompts. Let’s search for an image online.  Prompt: Find an image of rainy London. There should be a telephone booth in the foreground and Big Ben in the background. As shown in the screenshot, the AI found a bunch of relevant images. To view more results, go to the Images tab. Comparing Perplexity AI vs ChatGPT  Perplexity AI's main competitor is ChatGPT. Below is a comparison table of their key features: Feature Perplexity AI ChatGPT Primary Purpose General-purpose tool for various tasks. Suitable for text creation, math problems, academic and educational content. Same as Perplexity: versatile use including text generation, coding, etc. Built-in Modes Search, Research Search, Reason, Deep Research Free Access Yes, but limited: auto model selection only; max 3 file uploads/day Yes, with limits: restricted use of GPT-4o, o4-mini, and deep research mode Paid Plans One plan: Pro at $20/month Four plans: Plus ($20/mo), Pro ($200/mo), Team ($25/mo billed annually), Enterprise (custom pricing) Mobile App Yes (iOS and Android) Yes (iOS and Android) Desktop App Yes (Windows and macOS) Yes (Windows and macOS) Hidden Features of Perplexity AI  Although it may appear similar to competitors, Perplexity has unique features that enhance the user experience: Financial Data Analysis: built-in tools for viewing stock quotes and financial reports, with data from Financial Modeling Prep. YouTube Video Summaries: the AI can summarize videos, regardless of language. Focus Mode: restricts search to academic papers or specific websites for faster, more targeted results. Advantages  Key strengths of Perplexity AI include: Real-time data sourcing for up-to-date answers. Convenient source tracking and citation. File upload support in queries. Built-in financial data analysis tools. Two work modes: Search and Research. The Research mode provides deeper, more detailed answers. Integrated voice assistant for prompts and conversations. Image generation and image search features. Built-in YouTube video summarization. Disadvantages  Like any neural network, Perplexity AI has its drawbacks: Free plan limitations. Prompt-dependent accuracy: for complex scientific/technical topics, even with many sources, it can sometimes give inaccurate responses. Conclusion  In this review, we examined Perplexity AI—a powerful tool built on large language models. It is well-suited for a wide range of tasks and stands out due to its advanced source-handling features and personalized approach.

Have you ever wondered why ARK: Survival Evolved is so popular among the masses? The question is simple - the world is massive, the challenges are tough, and teaming up with friends brings it all to life. But what if you're tired of lag, trolls, or losing progress on shared public servers? This is why you need to host your own ARK dedicated server. In this tutorial, you'll learn how to host an ARK server on your own machine or through a cloud provider like Hostman. We'll walk through everything you need—from setup to launch. Ark: Survival Evolved servers list Key Takeaways A dedicated ARK server gives you full control over settings, players, mods, and performance. You can host your own ARK server on Windows or Linux using SteamCMD. ARK servers require solid hardware—at least 16 GB RAM and a fast CPU are recommended. Hosting through cloud providers like Hostman can simplify setup and improve uptime. With the right configuration, your ARK server can run smoothly, even with custom maps and mods. What Is an ARK Dedicated Server? An ARK dedicated server is a private environment where your game world runs independently of the default multiplayer options. Instead of relying on Studio Wildcard’s shared servers, you run your own—from your PC or a remote cloud instance. That means you can control the experience all by yourself, only limited by your own morals. You can host PvE or PvP sessions, manage mods, control who joins, and set your own rules. For groups that want a consistent, customizable experience, it’s the best way to play. Benefits of Playing ARK: Survival Evolved Online While ARK is a good game for solo leveling experience, the game truly shines in multiplayer. Building a base, taming dinosaurs, and exploring tropical maps becomes even more rewarding with others. Here’s why: Shared workload: More fun when you play with your friends. Faster progression: Gather resources, craft tools, and level up faster in cooperation with friends. Social connection: It's more fun to build, battle, and explore. PvP opportunities: Challenge others in combat or form alliances. Knowledge sharing: Let the new players learn quickly from experienced survivors. Multiplayer isn't just about more people—it's about better gameplay, deeper strategy, and shared stories that keep you coming back. Why Do You Need an ARK Dedicated Server? It’s not always useful to rely on public servers since they can lead to a traumatizing experience in ARK: Survival Evolved. A lot of external factors can ruin your game session, among them—lags, cheaters, trolls, server wipes. If you choose to run your own ARK server you become more worry-free of these problems if you have a desire to play peacefully. You can set your own rules, choose who gets access, and configure performance settings based on your needs. Want to tame dinos faster? Adjust the multipliers. Prefer PvE over PvP? You decide. Plus, your game world will stay active even when you’re not logged in. Hosting your own server (especially with Hostman’s VPS Server) helps you to stop relying on your own (or someone elses) hardware, which is often the case in peer-hosted multiplayer games. It can be frustrating when the host logs out or their machine crashes, meaning that session ends for everyone. A dedicated setup avoids this entirely. An example of how to setup your own rule on Ark dedicated server How To Setup an ARK Game Server: Detailed Guide Setting up an ARK dedicated server is pretty simple. Let’s show you some useful steps. Step 1: Prepare Your Server Before anything else, make sure your system meets the recommended ark server requirements: CPU: Quad-core, 3.5 GHz or higher RAM: At least 16 GB (more if using mods) Storage: 50 GB SSD minimum Upload Bandwidth: 20 Mbps+ You can use Windows or Linux, but many prefer Linux for its stability and lower resource consumption. Make sure your OS is 64-bit and kept up to date. Step 2: Install SteamCMD SteamCMD is the command-line tool used to install game server files. To install SteamCMD on Linux: sudo apt update && sudo apt install steamcmd On Windows: Download SteamCMD from the official site. Extract it to C:\steamcmd. Run steamcmd.exe. Step 3: Install ARK Server Files Create a folder for the ARK server installation: mkdir ark-server && cd ark-server Launch SteamCMD and download the ARK server using the anonymous login: steamcmd +login anonymous +force_install_dir ./ark-server +app_update 376030 validate +quit Use 2430930 if you want to install ARK: Survival Ascended instead of the classic version. Step 4: Configure the Server Once installed, navigate to: cd ark-server/ShooterGame/Saved/Config/LinuxServer/ Or on Windows: C:\ark-server\ShooterGame\Saved\Config\WindowsServer\ Create and edit these two files: GameUserSettings.ini Game.ini Basic settings to add: [ServerSettings] ServerAdminPassword=YourAdminPass ServerPassword=OptionalPlayerPass SessionName=HostmanARKServer Add any gameplay tweaks here as needed (e.g., dino taming speed, resource multipliers). Step 5: Open Required Ports Make sure your firewall and hosting provider allow traffic through these ports: UDP 7777 – Game port UDP 27015 – Query port UDP 27020 – RCON port (optional) On Linux: sudo ufw allow 7777/udp sudo ufw allow 27015/udp sudo ufw allow 27020/udp Step 6: Start the ARK Server You can launch the server using a startup script.  For Linux: ./ShooterGame/Binaries/Linux/ShooterGameServer TheIsland?SessionName=HostmanARKServer?ServerPassword=MyPass?ServerAdminPassword=MyAdminPass?listen -server -log For Windows, create a batch file like this: start ShooterGameServer.exe TheIsland?SessionName=HostmanARKServer?ServerPassword=MyPass?ServerAdminPassword=MyAdminPass?QueryPort=27015?Port=7777?listen Double-click the .bat file to start your server. Step 7: Join Your ARK Server To connect: Launch ARK: Survival Evolved Click Join ARK Set filter to Unofficial Search your server name or IP address If your server doesn’t appear, go to Steam → View → Servers → Favorites and manually add: your.server.ip:27015 Now you’re ready to enter your world! Conclusion Running your own ark dedicated server gives you full control over your ARK: Survival Evolved experience. This is way better if you want to dedicate your precious time to your beloved game, where you want to build a small and warm community of players. If you're just getting started, consider launching your ARK server on a reliable cloud provider. A VPS from Hostman, for example, allows you to scale resources as your community grows, while enjoying a simplified deployment process and responsive support. FAQ What are the minimum ARK server requirements? For smooth gameplay, your server should have at least a quad-core CPU (3.5 GHz or higher), 16 GB of RAM, and an SSD with 50 GB or more of free space. A stable internet connection with at least 20 Mbps upload speed is also essential. Can I host an ARK server on my own PC? Yes, you can self-host an ARK server from your own machine, but this works best for small groups and limited sessions.  How many players can join my ARK dedicated server? The player limit depends on your hardware and internet bandwidth. With proper specs (16 GB RAM and above), you can comfortably support 10–30 players. Is hosting an ARK server free? You can host it for free on your own hardware, but you’ll cover electricity, bandwidth, and maintenance costs.

GitOps is a new way of managing cloud infrastructure and deploying applications. Built on some familiar and recognizable developer workflows, GitOps helps you automate infrastructure changes, improve system reliability, and simplify continuous delivery. In this tutorial, you’ll learn what GitOps is, how it works, the tools behind it, and how to implement a GitOps pipeline using Kubernetes and Hostman-compatible workflows. GitOps working scheme Key Takeaways GitOps uses Git as the single source of truth for infrastructure and deployment. It relies on declarative configurations and automatic reconciliation. GitOps enables auditability, rollback, and faster deployments. It works particularly well with Kubernetes and cloud-native environments. Tools like Argo CD, Flux, and Helm are commonly used in GitOps pipelines. What Is GitOps? GitOps is a set of practices that uses Git repositories to manage both application code and infrastructure configurations. With its help, developers can get rid of using traditional manual revisions or ad hoc scripts, GitOps relies on Git as the authoritative source for your system’s desired state. This means your cluster configuration, deployment manifests, Helm charts, and more are stored and managed within a single Git repo. So, when you need to update infrastructure or release a new application version, you simply commit a change to Git. GitOps controllers then detect the change and automatically update the live environment to match. This shift brings the principles of software development—such as version control, collaboration, and CI/CD—to operations teams. GitOps is especially valuable in cloud-native environments, where teams work with Kubernetes or similar orchestration tools. GitOps Definition GitOps is a kind of workflow where infrastructure is treated as code (not as a full app or environment), stored in Git. It also reconciles with the actual running environment. This ensures consistency, traceability, and security throughout the deployment lifecycle. How Does GitOps Work? GitOps was created as the main tool to control your apps and infrastructure like the unified entity, which you control from a single Git repository. But how does it work? It’s simple - continuous reconciliation. A GitOps controller constantly checks for differences between the actual state of your infrastructure and the desired state stored in Git. If the live state drifts (due to unnecessary or planned changes) the controller detects the inconsistency and automatically reverts the environment back to the last known perfect state as defined in Git. This is something that makes GitOps a very useful tool. What Are the Main GitOps Tools? GitOps relies on several open-source tools that integrate with your existing CI/CD stack. Here's a quick overview of the most popular options: Argo CD Argo CD is a declarative continuous delivery tool built for Kubernetes. It syncs your manifests from Git to your clusters and helps you visualize deployment status. Flux Flux automates Kubernetes deployments using Git as the source of truth. It's lightweight and integrates well with Helm charts. Helm Helm is a Kubernetes package manager. It makes application definitions simpler and is often used in GitOps to manage complex deployments. Terraform Let’s not forget that Terraform is not GitOps-native, It’s mainly used in GitOps pipelines for managing infrastructure outside Kubernetes, for example DNS. Quick Overview of the GitOps Workflow A typical GitOps workflow involves several tightly integrated steps that form a reliable deployment pipeline. Let’s walk through the process from code commit to live deployment. A developer writes code and pushes it to a Git repository. A CI pipeline builds the code, creates a container image, and pushes it to a container registry. A change is made to a Kubernetes manifest or Helm chart in the Git repository. A GitOps controller (e.g., Argo CD or Flux) detects the change and applies it to the cluster. The cluster state is now aligned with the desired state declared in Git. The separation between CI and CD in this model ensures that your team remains focused on writing and testing code, while deployment and environment reconciliation are fully automated. This reduces risk, accelerates delivery, and improves infrastructure transparency. Benefits of GitOps GitOps offers several advantages for modern DevOps teams: Developer productivity: If you are already familiar with Git, you can easily apply your knowledge. Auditability: You can track and backup every change that was made during the development. Rollback support: You can easily revert changes at any moment if you need to.. Security: You can control access of your repositories all by yourself, without someone crushing into your code. Faster recovery: Everything is "on the air live”, so if you need to backup your file faster. How to Set Up a GitOps Pipeline Here’s a basic example of setting up a GitOps pipeline using Argo CD on a Kubernetes cluster. For Hostman, you can adapt these steps using custom infrastructure. Step 1: Install Argo CD Create a namespace for Argo CD: kubectl create namespace argocd Install Argo CD: kubectl apply -n argocd -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/argoproj/argo-cd/stable/manifests/install.yaml Step 2: Access the Argo CD UI Forward the Argo CD API server port: kubectl port-forward svc/argocd-server -n argocd 8080:443 Visit https://localhost:8080 in your browser. Login with the default admin user and password (retrieved from the secret). How to Use GitOps with Kubernetes Now let’s connect your Git repository to Argo CD to start syncing Kubernetes manifests. Step 1: Define Your App Configuration In your Git repo, create a Kubernetes manifest, for example deployment.yaml: apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: hostman-web spec: replicas: 2 selector: matchLabels: app: hostman-web template: metadata: labels: app: hostman-web spec: containers: - name: web image: hostman/web-app:latest Commit and push the file to Git. Step 2: Create the Argo CD Application Use the Argo CD CLI or web UI to create a new application: argocd app create hostman-web \ --repo https://github.com/your-user/your-repo.git \ --path ./k8s \ --dest-server https://kubernetes.default.svc \ --dest-namespace default Synchronize the app: argocd app sync hostman-web Argo CD will now monitor your repo and update the deployment automatically. Are There Disadvantages of GitOps? While GitOps offers many benefits, there are some challenges to consider: Git conflicts: When multiple teams edit code it can lead to some troubleshooting. Secret management: Git is a more “social” tool, when it comes to storing your secrets, so it’s better to use something else. Complexity at scale: Managing many environments and repositories sometimes becomes chaotic without proper management. Planning ahead and using a modular approach (e.g., mono or multi-repo strategies) can help mitigate these issues. Summary GitOps the bringer of power of Git to your infrastructures. GitOps is seeing your infrastructure as code and automates reconciliation, also let’s not forget that this instrument can enhance visibility, consistency, and deployment speed of your state of art work. FAQ What exactly is GitOps? GitOps is a tool to manage infrastructure and deployments using Git as the single source of truth. Is GitOps only for Kubernetes? While GitOps is a perfect fit for Kubernetes (because of its declarative nature), it’s not limited to it. You can apply GitOps principles to other infrastructure types too. What tools do I need to start with GitOps? Popular GitOps tools include Argo CD, Flux, and Jenkins X. If you're using Hostman, you can easily integrate Git-based workflows with Kubernetes and start automating deployments right away. Do I need to change how I write code? Not really. GitOps works with the Git workflows you're already using — like branches, pull requests, and commits. What changes is how those commits impact your infrastructure: once merged, your environment syncs with your repo automatically.