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VDS vs Shared vs Dedicated vs Cloud. What is The Best Option for You?

VDS vs Shared vs Dedicated vs Cloud. What is The Best Option for You?
Hostman Team
Technical writer
Infrastructure

There are many technologies used to deploy projects on the web. Some are cheap and simple to configure. Others are more complex but capable of many things.

Let us take a closer look at them. VDS versus Shared versus Cloud and Dedicated servers. How they are different and which is the best.

What is a hosting?

Hosting is a platform that provides developers, webmasters, and administrators with a special combination of software and hardware (this combination is also called a "server") that is used to publish applications and websites on the internet (this process is called "deploying").

What is shared hosting?

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This is a very affordable solution which allows many beginners to host their websites on the Internet fairly easily. Functionally they’re restricted but essentially quite close to more powerful servers so you’ll be on par with most of the developers and webmasters out there. You will have a database, a domain name, access to a FTP-server to deploy files on your site, and everything else that is necessary to host a fully functional website.

But there are two massive caveats. First of all, you won’t have any control of the apps and services you run on your "kinda server". Moreover, you don’t get robust performance using sharing-hosting because of its technical nature.

How does shared hosting work?

Shared hosting is not real hosting (and is not even close to a fully-fledged server). That is why people sometimes call it "virtual". When you rent Shared hosting you get a certain amount of space on SSD and a piece of software running on a remote computer and emulating workspace for website deployment. And your website will be on the same hard drive as many other websites. Why is this considered a problem?

  1. Even on best shared web hosting the hardware power is noticeably restricted because you share it with others. Also, when one user’s site from one virtual hosting is "stress-tested" by a big chunk of an audience, your website will be affected too.

  2. Moreover, webmasters renting Shared hosting have no control over the used server. It is managed by an administrator provided by the host. So, there’s no real privacy.

What is shared hosting used for?

The technology itself has no specific purpose. You can deploy any type of website on Shared hosting.

In most cases, it is used for publishing static pages (portfolios, landing pages, etc.) and has limited performance and functionality. But some webmasters successfully use it to maintain large projects based on a popular (and resource-demanding) site builder called WordPress.

It can’t be used to run complex web applications because you need a lot of tools to launch them and hosts will never let you install them on shared hardware.

How to choose the best shared hosting?

Shared hosts are usually not so different from each other. When considering what is the best solution for your project you should pick a host with a good reputation. Something big in terms of the user base.

This approach guarantees the safety of files stored on the server and qualified help from the host’s support team.

Also, you should rent a server with enough space and a fast CPU, so visitors of deployed sites do not experience constant performance drops.

Best shared web hosts are:

What is a VPS hosting?

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VPS stands for Virtual Private Server. You might notice that we are once again talking about virtual servers but there is a difference that lies deep inside a technological implementation of VPS.

An alternative way of configuring such servers opens many new opportunities for anyone who rents a VPS. You can deploy it on fully functional web applications, databases of any size, and even operating systems like Windows and work with it remotely. Anything you want. And in most cases without performance drops and privacy issues.

And at the same time, such hosts are not too pricey, so they become one of the most common solutions for any developer or webmaster.

How does a VPS hosting work?

Under the hood of VPS, a curious person might discover technology called virtualization. As is the case with shared hosts you have a piece of software that imitates a server. But more advanced software makes it possible to create a totally isolated workspace for every developer and it feels and works like an actual computer even though it is not.

There are different tools to virtualize PCs but the most common are OpenVZ and KVM.

The first one works on Linux and lets webmasters quickly add or remove hardware components from virtual servers adapting it to the ever-changing criteria of an actual server. The last one gives you extremely profound access to system components. Even BIOS. And lets you use a Windows Server.

What is a VPS hosting server used for?

For anything you would like. A tremendous amount of exaggerated corporations and small online shops use VPS’s to host their projects online. You can deploy on it WordPress-based sites and their counterparts like Drupal or Joomla. It is possible to publish Node.js or Flask applications. Also, webmasters might avail themselves of VPS’s to access remote databases.

Whatever you can do with the real thing, you can do using a Virtual Private Server with KVM technology virtualization utilized.

How to choose the best VPS hosting

First of all, you have to choose what virtualization technology to use. If you need something cheaper but less functional and secure, it would be better to rent a server with OpenVZ-hypervisor preinstalled. If you need something more robust, performant, and functionally unrestricted, you should choose a server with KVM- or VMWare-hypervisor preinstalled.

Characteristics like the reputation of the host and hardware are also important.

Furthermore, if you are happy with the price for renting your chosen VPS, you might find options with a free domain name and better support for different control panels, etc.

Some of them, like Hostman, offer machines with preinstalled software (gaming servers, databases, analytics systems, etc.) and without any need to manually configure the remote OS.

Best VPN hosts are:

What is VDS hosting?

What does VDS stand for? Virtual Dedicated Server. Another virtual server? I would say the same because it is actually identical technology overall. But some webmasters for an unknown reason decided that VPS are servers that use OpenVZ (and similar software) exclusively and dedicated virtual servers are ones that use KVM, XEN, VMWare, and more similar technologies.

If you are more comfortable with such a definition try to imagine VPS as a Linux-based virtual server with more flexible hardware settings but less control and VDS to be the one with unprecedented control and the opportunity to choose any OS to install on a rented remote PC.

What is a dedicated server?

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Here we finally have an actual computer. No virtualization, no shared hardware. It is a server in its pristine form. You just ask the host to rent you a PC with all the components inside belonging to you when you pay.

The good thing about dedicated servers (or bare-metal servers) is that they are completely independent. You are protected from other's mistakes and your server will not shut down because webmasters and developers broke stuff using the same piece of SSD that was rented by you.

You get as much power as a rented PC can give, and the same thing goes for privacy.

How does a dedicated server work?

There is no reason to implement technologies like virtualization to manipulate dedicated servers. It is a computer, so the only application you need is some kind of utility that helps access the rented server remotely.

In the case of a Linux server, you might want to use a built-in OpenSSH client. This is a program used by developers and webmasters to pass commands to the terminal inside the Linux system running on a remote computer through a secure protocol that protects the connection between you and the host.

In the case of Windows Server or macOS Server, you need to find proprietary software (first-party or third-party is not so important) that can establish a connection between two PCs from different networks.

What is a dedicated server used for?

It is a much more powerful type of hosting than VPS so you can naturally deploy any kind of site or application that is supported by a virtual server.

But usually developers rent such powerful hardware platforms to deploy especially resource-demanding projects. The first thing that comes to mind is gaming servers. Virtual worlds where the success of skilled players depends heavily on a strong network connection and overall stability of the gaming platform.

The best choice for those who need a lot of power without any limitations.

How to choose the best dedicated server?

Choosing a dedicated server is like choosing an actual computer for your needs. A lot of attention should be paid to the hardware itself. If you know that your app needs about 16 GBs of RAM to run smoothly, consider renting a more powerful server so it will not falter after launching.

Try to find a host that not only gives you a capable machine but also offers a security certificate and a free domain name. Also, good hosts can boast of a proactive and effective support team.

Best dedicated servers are:

What is Cloud hosting?

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The last solution in our guide is cloud hosting. Think of it as a VPS but on a larger scale. They are quite close to each other in terms of usability and even technical aspects. The main difference is the potential performance of both.

Cloud hosting has no limits in terms of power and capability. It is such a flexible structure that you can adapt it to be the best platform for a website or application of any type. And this one will be easy to operate and profitable as well.

How does cloud hosting work?

This one is similar to a VPS because cloud hosting is an ephemeral segment of virtual resources but Shared hosting, VPS and VDS do not come close to matching the flexibility of clouds.

When you rent a VPS you get a certain amount of "power" accessible once you buy more on the same or another physical server. Cloud is different because it is not a server at all but a vast number of computers around the globe that together form a network of available resources to deploy and maintain an application or database of any scale and purpose.

And what is also important, one provider can offer cloud hosting for thousands of clients but they never affect each other’s projects in any way. You get complete isolation.

What is cloud hosting used for?

The effortless scalability of cloud-hosted servers makes them perfect for any type of task. Any developer or webmaster can set up a unique configuration of his own cloud to meet the renter’s demands. And the cloud itself will be altered so the hosted application always works best for any user trying to access it.

The other good thing about clouds is you get the benefits of capabilities of physical devices. You can use the system components of many of them.

And that is why cloud hosting is just an uncompromising solution to create virtual workspaces, large archives of data, dynamically changing apps, giant gaming servers, etc.

How to choose the best cloud host?

There aren’t that many providers of clouds that are considered good. You should probably look at solutions from the best cloud hosting providers like Google, Amazon, IBM, and Microsoft as the most reliable and functional.

All four corporations offer amazing solutions for any kind of project.

That is it. Now you know what the difference is between different types of hosting and what type to choose for your individual project so there will be no reliability issues.

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Isolation and Security Virtualization makes it possible to fully isolate a VM from the rest of the server, including other VMs. Therefore, VMs are useful when you need to separate your applications from others located on the same servers or within the same cluster. VMs also increase the level of network security. Containerization provides a certain level of isolation, too, but containers are not as robust when it comes to boundary security compared to VMs. However, solutions exist that allow individual containers to be isolated within VMs — one such solution is Hyper-V. Working with the Operating System A VM is essentially a full-fledged OS with its own kernel, which is convenient but imposes high demands on hardware resources (RAM, storage, CPU). Containerization uses only a small fraction of system resources, especially with adapted containers. When forming images in a hypervisor, the minimal necessary software environment is created to ensure the container runs on an OS with a particular kernel. Thus, containerization is much more resource-efficient. OS Updates With virtualization, you have to download and install OS updates on each VM. To install a new OS version, you need to update the VM — in some cases, even create a new one. This consumes a significant amount of time, especially when many virtual machines are deployed. With containers, the situation is similar. First, you modify a file (called a Dockerfile) that contains information about the image. You change the lines that specify the OS version. Then the image is rebuilt and pushed to a registry. But that’s not all: the image must then be redeployed. To do this, you use orchestrators — platforms for managing and scaling containers. 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If there’s an issue with the server hosting the containerization platform, containers can be quickly recreated on another server using the orchestrator. Pros and Cons of Virtualization Advantages: Reliable isolation. Logical VM isolation means failures in one VM don’t affect the others on the same server. VMs also offer a good level of network security: if one VM is compromised, its isolation prevents infection of others. Resource optimization. Several VMs can be deployed on one server, saving on purchasing additional hardware. This also facilitates the creation of clusters in data centers. Flexibility and load balancing. VMs are easily transferred, making it simpler to boost cluster performance and maintain systems. VMs can also be copied and restored from backups. Furthermore, different VMs can run different OSs, and the kernel can be any type — Linux, Windows, or macOS — all on the same server. Disadvantages: Resource consumption. VMs can be several gigabytes in size and consume significant CPU power. There are also limits on how many VMs can run on a single server. Sluggishness. Deployment time depends on how "heavy" the VM is. More importantly, VMs are not well-suited to scaling. Using VMs for short-term computing tasks is usually not worthwhile. Licensing issues. Although licensing is less relevant for Russian developers, you still need to consider OS and software licensing costs when deploying VMs — and these can add up significantly in a large infrastructure. Pros and Cons of Containerization Advantages: Minimal resource use. Since all containers share the same OS kernel, much less hardware is needed than with virtual machines. This means you can create far more containers on the same system. Performance. Small image sizes mean containers are deployed and destroyed much faster than virtual machines. This makes containers ideal for developers handling short-term tasks and dynamic scaling. Immutable images. 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Conclusion Having explored the features of virtualization and containerization, we can draw a logical conclusion: each technology is suited to different tasks. Containers are fast and efficient, use minimal hardware resources, and are ideal for developers working with microservices architecture and application components. Virtual machines are full-fledged OS environments, suitable for secure corporate software deployment. Therefore, these technologies do not compete — they complement each other.
10 June 2025 · 7 min to read
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If confirmed, authentication takes place. Enhanced RDP Security: This uses external tools to secure the session, such as TLS encryption. Advantages of RDP RDP is network-friendly: it can work over NAT, TCP, or UDP, supports port forwarding, and is resilient to connection drops. Requires only 300–500 Kbps bandwidth. A powerful server can run demanding apps even on weak RDP clients. Supports Linux RDP connections to Windows. Disadvantages of RDP Applications sensitive to latency, like games or video streaming, may not perform well. Requires a stable server. File and document transfer between the client and server may be complicated due to internet speed limitations. Configuring an RDP Server on Windows The most common RDP use case is connecting to a Windows server from another system, such as a Linux client. To enable remote access, the target system must be configured correctly. 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After installing the plugin, restart Remmina, and RDP will appear in the menu. To connect: Add a new connection. Fill in connection settings (you only need the remote machine's username and IP). Customize further if needed (bandwidth, background, hotkeys, themes, etc.). Save the connection — now you can connect with two clicks from the main menu. If you need to run Remmina on Windows, a guide is available on the official website. FreeRDP Website: freerdp.com FreeRDP is a fork of the now-unsupported rdesktop project and is actively maintained under the Apache license. FreeRDP is a terminal-based client. It is configured and launched entirely via the command line. Its command structure is similar to rdesktop, for example: xfreerdp -u USERNAME -p PASSWORD -g WIDTHxHEIGHT IP This command connects to the server at the given IP using the specified credentials and screen resolution. KRDC Website: krdc KRDC (KDE Remote Desktop Client) is the official remote desktop client for KDE that supports RDP and VNC protocols. It offers a clean and straightforward interface consistent with KDE's Plasma desktop environment. KRDC is ideal for users of KDE-based distributions like Kubuntu, openSUSE KDE, and Fedora KDE Spin. It integrates well with KDE's network tools and provides essential features such as full-screen mode, session bookmarking, and network browsing via Zeroconf/Bonjour. KRDC is actively maintained by the KDE community and is available through most Linux package managers. GNOME Connections Website: gnome-connections Vinagre was the former GNOME desktop's default remote desktop client. GNOME Connections, a modernized remote desktop tool for GNOME environments, has since replaced it. GNOME Connections supports RDP and VNC, providing a simple and user-friendly interface that matches the GNOME design language. It focuses on ease of use rather than configurability, making it ideal for non-technical users or quick access needs. Features: Bookmarking for quick reconnections Simple RDP session management Seamless integration into GNOME Shell Connections is maintained as part of the official GNOME project and is available in most distribution repositories. Apache Guacamole Website: guacamole.apache.org This is the simplest yet most complex remote desktop software for Linux. Simple because it works directly in a browser — no additional programs or services are needed. Complex because it requires one-time server installation and configuration. Apache Guacamole is a client gateway for remote connections that works over HTML5. It supports Telnet, SSH, VNC, and RDP — all accessible via a web interface. Although the documentation is extensive, many ready-made scripts exist online to simplify basic setup. To install: wget https://git.io/fxZq5 -O guac-install.sh chmod +x guac-install.sh ./guac-install.sh After installation, the script will provide a connection address and password. To connect to a Windows server via RDP: Open the Admin Panel, go to Settings → Connections, and create a new connection. Enter the username and IP address of the target machine — that's all you need. The connection will now appear on the main page, ready for use. Conclusion RDP is a convenient tool for connecting to a remote machine running Windows or a Linux system with a GUI. The server requires minimal setup — just a few settings and firewall adjustments — and the variety of client programs offers something for everyone.
09 June 2025 · 6 min to read
Infrastructure

Docker Container Storage and Registries: How to Store, Manage, and Secure Your Images

Docker containerization offers many benefits, one of which is image layering, enabling fast container generation. However, containers have limitations — for instance, persistent data needs careful planning, as all data within a container is lost when it's destroyed. In this article, we’ll look at how to solve this issue using Docker’s native solution called Docker Volumes, which allows the creation of persistent Docker container storage. What Happens to Data Written Inside a Container To begin, let’s open a shell inside a container using the following command: docker run -it --rm busybox Now let’s try writing some data to the container: echo "Hostman" > /tmp/data cat /tmp/data Hostman We can see that the data is written, but where exactly? If you're familiar with Docker, you might know that images are structured like onions — layers stacked on top of each other, with the final layer finalizing the image. Each layer can only be written once and becomes read-only afterward. When a container is created, Docker adds another layer for handling write operations. Since container lifespans are limited, all data disappears once the container is gone. This can be a serious problem if the container holds valuable information. To solve this, Docker provides a solution called Docker Volumes. Let’s look at what it is and how it works. Docker Volumes Docker Volumes provide developers with persistent storage for containers. This tool decouples data from the container’s lifecycle, allowing access to container data at any time. As a result, data written inside containers remains available even after the container is destroyed, and it can be reused by other containers. This is a useful solution for sharing data between Docker containers and also enables new containers to connect to the existing storage. How Docker Volumes Work A directory is created on the server and then mounted into one or more containers. This directory is independent because it is not included in the Docker image layer structure, which allows it to bypass the read-only restriction of the image layers for containers that include such a directory. To create a volume, use the following command: docker volume create Now, let’s check its location using: docker volume inspect volume_name The volume name usually consists of a long alphanumeric string. In response, Docker will display information such as the time the volume was created and other metadata, including the Mountpoint. This line shows the path to the volume. To view the data stored in the volume, simply open the specified directory. There are also other ways to create a Docker Volume. For example, the -v option can be added directly during container startup, allowing you to create a volume on the fly: docker run -it --rm -v newdata:/data busybox Let’s break down what’s happening here: The -v argument follows a specific syntax, indicated by the colon right after the volume name (in this case, we chose a very creative name, newdata). After the colon, the mount path inside the container is specified. Now, you can write data to this path, for example: echo "Cloud" > /data/cloud Data written this way can easily be found at the mount path. As seen in the example above, the volume name is not arbitrary — it matches the name we provided using -v. However, Docker Volumes also allow for randomly generated names, which are always unique to each host. If you’re assigning names manually, make sure they are also unique. Now, run the command: docker volume ls If the volume appears in the list, it means any number of other containers can use it. To test this, you can run: docker run -it --rm -v newdata:/data busybox Then write something to the volume. Next, start another container using the exact same command and you’ll see that the data is still there and accessible — meaning it can be reused. Docker Volumes in Practice Now let’s take a look at how Docker Volumes can be used in practice. Suppose we're developing an application to collect specific types of data — let’s say football statistics. We gather this data and plan to use it later for analysis — for example, to assess players’ transfer market values or for betting predictions. Let’s call our application FootballStats. Preserving Data After Container Removal Obviously, if we don’t use Docker Volumes, all the collected statistics will simply be lost as soon as the container that stored them is destroyed. Therefore, we need to store the data in volumes so it can be reused later. To do this, we use the familiar -v option:  -v footballstats:/dir/footballstats This will allow us to store match statistics in the /dir/footballstats directory, on top of all container layers. Sharing Data Suppose the FootballStats container has already gathered a certain amount of data, and now it's time to analyze it. For instance, we might want to find out how a particular team performed in the latest national championship or how a specific player did — goals, assists, cards, etc. To do this, we can mount our volume into a new container, which we’ll call FootballStats-Analytics. The key advantage of this setup is that the new container can read the data without interfering with the original FootballStats container’s ongoing data collection. At the same time, analysis of the incoming data can be performed using defined parameters and algorithms. This information can be stored anywhere, either in the existing volume or a new one, if needed. Other Types of Mounts In addition to standard volumes, Docker Volumes also supports other types of mounts designed to solve specialized tasks: Bind Mount Bind mounts are used to attach an existing path on the host to a container. This is useful for including configuration files, datasets, or static assets from websites. To specify directories for mounting into the container, use the --mount option with the syntax <host path>:<container path>. Tmpfs Mount Tmpfs mounts serve the opposite purpose of regular Docker Volumes — they do not persist data after the container is destroyed. This can be useful for developers who perform extensive logging. In such cases, continuously writing temporary data to disk can significantly degrade system performance. The --tmpfs option creates temporary in-memory directories, avoiding constant access to the file system. Drivers Docker Volume Drivers are a powerful tool that enable flexible volume management. They allow you to specify various storage options, the most important being the storage location — which can be local or remote, even outside the physical or virtual infrastructure of the provider. This ensures that data can survive not only the destruction of the container but even the shutdown of the host itself. Conclusion So, we’ve learned how to create and manage storage using Docker Volumes. For more information on how to modify container storage in Docker, refer to the platform’s official documentation. 
09 June 2025 · 6 min to read

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